In ancient Greece, few dared to utter his name. Hades is the god of the Underworld and the dead. Either way, the realm was separate from the land of the living, and one god resided over it. In “The Iliad,” the Underworld dominion was between “Secret place on Earth.” However, the Homeric hymn, “The Odyssey,” described it as only accessible by crossing the ocean. Elysian Fields, also known as Elysium, was for heroes like Perseus and Achilles. Contrary to popular belief, humans didn’t go the Greek equivalent of heaven. The Underworld was a place where all human souls went after death. While they share similarities, most Greek portrayals of the afterlife involved a single place: The Underworld. The 12 main Greek gods of Greek mythology are often referred to as the Twelve Olympians.Ancient Greek depictions of the afterlife are far different from modern ideologies. The Twelve Olympians were the main deities that made up the Greek pantheon.
Some versions of Greek mythology include the goddess Hestia as the 12th Olympian, while other versions have Greek god Dionysus as the 12th Olympian. We will include both in this depiction of the main Greek gods of Greek mythology. Poseidon is one of the Twelve Olympians, while Hades is not. Zeus had three sisters, Hestia, Demeter, and Hera. Zeus is considered the king of all the gods. He is known for protecting the sailors, but he will also inflict his wrath on those who he feels has done him wrong. He had a love affair with Medusa, who birthed his two children when Perseus beheaded her. Hera is the Greek goddess of marriage and the queen of the goddesses. She is the one who inflicts a madness upon Hercules to make him kill his wife and children, resulting in his accomplishment of 12 labors. Throughout his 12 labors, Hera plays a major role in making the labors as difficult as possible for Hercules. Demeterĭemeter is the Greek goddess of agriculture, harvest, and fertility of the earth. Demeter brings drought and famine upon the earth when Hades steals her daughter, Persephone, from the earth and takes her to the underworld. She vows the earth will continue to be barren unless Hades returns Persephone to the earth. AthenaĪthena is the Greek goddess of wisdom and knowledge. She is born from the head of Zeus after he swallowed Athena’s mother when she was pregnant. She was born fully grown and dressed in armor. Athens, Greece, is named after Athena because of her close ties to the city and civilization. ApolloĪpollo is the Greek god of healing, medicine, music, and poetry. He is most associated with the Lyre, a musical instrument made by fellow Olympian, Hermes. When Apollo noticed his cattle were missing, he confronted Hermes.
Hermes began playing music on the Lyre that he made. Apollo being the god of music, was captivated by the music and allowed Hermes to keep his cattle in exchange for the musical instrument. ArtemisĪrtemis is the Greek goddess of animals and hunting. She is often depicted with a bow and arrow, the weapon she would use when hunting. Tragically, she would kill her best friend, Orion, with this same bow and arrow after Apollo convinces her that Orion is a villain who is attempting to escape the area after raping a friend of Artemis. He has two sons, Phobos and Deimos, who represent fear and terror.
His sons often accompany Ares by driving him in his chariot on the way to war. AphroditeĪphrodite is the Greek goddess of love, beauty, pleasure, and relationships. She often wears a sacred belt that she sometimes lends out. Hephaestus was the Greek god of blacksmithing, metalworking, and craftsmanship. He would make all of the weapons and armor for Mount Olympus. He is associated with an anvil, donkey, and volcano. Hermes is the Greek god of travel, athletes, sports, mischief, and trade. Hermes was considered the messenger of the gods. Hermes delivered the message to Hades that Demeter requested he releases Persephone back to the earth. Hestia is the Greek goddess of the hearth and home.
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